An easy way to remember this is to think of the charges: an element’s charge is reduced if it gains electrons (an acronym to remember the difference is LEO = Lose Electron Oxidation & GER = Gain Electron Reduction). Oxidation is the loss of electrons whereas reduction is the gain of electrons. In a redox reaction, one or more element becomes oxidized, and one or more element becomes reduced. The Half Equation Method is used to balance these reactions. Oxidation-Reduction or “redox” reactions occur when elements in a chemical reaction gain or lose electrons, causing an increase or decrease in oxidation numbers. In the similar way K+ ions are spectator ions in the following reaction. They are inactive towards the reaction and are called spectator ions. SO 4 lion, on the other hand, do not participate in the reaction and remain as such. Now, it is evident that Cu atoms and Zn 2+ ions undergo oxidation and reduction respectively and are active ions. Writing ionic form of each species we have Let us now proceed to balance the ionic equations in acidic and basic mediums.Ĭonsider the chemical reaction between zinc and copper(II) tetraoxosulphate(V) solution. Step 6. To equalise the electrons multiply reduction half reaction by 10 and add the two. Step 5. Not required because the equation is not ionic. Step 4. Balancing of 0 by adding proper number of H 2O molecule to the side falling short of 0 atoms. The application of various steps described above has been illustrated as follows by balancing the redox equation representing the reaction between iodine and nitric acid.
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